However, the examination does not test technical knowledge. It tests various aspects of Patent Law. Additionally, you do not have to be an attorney to take the examination. A non-attorney who passes the examination is designated a Patent Agent.
Only Patent Attorneys or Patent Agents can represent inventors seeking issuance of a patent from the USPTO. This type of legal work is called patent prosecution. Currently, only about 40,000 Patent Attorneys and/or Agents are actively practicing patent prosecution in the U.S. Traditionally, most Patent Attorneys have been engineers. However, the growth of bio-tech research has created substantial opportunities for individuals with advanced degrees in biology, chemistry and related fields to become Patent Attorneys. Many law schools have Intellectual Property programs but few have extensive course offerings specifically related to both basic and advanced aspects of Patent Law.